Description
Achieving Universal Health Coverage is a key component in allowing healthcare access to all without risking financial hardship. Yet, to truly extend a health coverage that provides healthcare access to those most vulnerable remains a major challenge for many countries. In China for instance, despite the country's success in achieving health coverage to more than 95% of its population, more than 200 million of the country’s internal migrants - those who migrate within borders of their own country - remain marginalised. Despite their legal entitlements to health coverage, there is an ensemble of Chinese regulations and policies that remain difficult for migrant workers to fulfill, to have true access to healthcare during their migratory process in their own country.
In this study, we aimed to analyze China’s approach in achieving Universal Health Coverage and identify gaps that culminate to healthcare inequalities, specifically for the internal migrating population. To do so, we examined specific Chinese legislations and legal conditions that can be translated into barriers to accessing healthcare for marginalised migrant workers, particularly those with low education levels, who are informally employed and in lack of appropriate legal and social support.
The legislations we investigated include China’s healthcare reform policies, social insurance laws, health coverage scheme regulations, labour law, labour contract law, household registry regulations and regulations on legal enforcement for safeguarding migrant workers’ labour rights. Our study show the importance of examining legal stipulations that go beyond healthcare access and health coverage, when considering the healthcare needs of the most vulnerable populations under a Universal Health Coverage umbrella.
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