Description
Background: A cancer diagnosis profoundly affects mental health worldwide, being the second leading cause of death, responsible for 9.6 million fatalities in 2018. In Nepal, it ranks third among non-communicable disease-related deaths. This study aimed to identify psychosocial issues in cancer patients, an area often overlooked in cancer care despite its significant emotional implications.
Methods: In-depth interviews were conducted with 30 cancer patients at Bir Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal between August and October 2023, utilizing a non-probability convenience sampling method. Thematic analysis identified recurring psychosocial themes and patterns from these experiences.
Results: Of the 30 participants, 46.6% were female, 53.3% male, aged 15 to 69. Notably, 33.3% of patients were uninformed about their cancer. 76% of the participants were married, and 66.66% reported belonging to a nuclear family structure. Regarding education, 53.33% had completed up to the School Leaving Certificate (SLC) level, while 43.33% were engaged in occupations such as homemaker or farmer. Furthermore, 50% of the participants indicated having a low economic status. The study highlighted significant psychosocial impacts, particularly financial burdens affecting 63.3% of cancer patients. Emotional distress was reported by 76.6% of participants.
Discussion: The study illuminated a spectrum of psychosocial challenges faced by Nepalese cancer patients. Emotional distress, rooted in fear, anger, sadness, and worry, prevailed, often leading to feelings of isolation due to cancer-related stigma and lack of public awareness. The compounded distress from financial burdens and restricted healthcare access was evident. However, the research also underscored the remarkable resilience of patients, relying on family support, faith-based practices, and peer networks for coping. Additionally, cultural influences significantly shaped psychosocial experiences, with traditional beliefs impacting perceptions of illness and healing.
Conclusions: This study emphasizes the urgent necessity for comprehensive cancer care in Nepal, addressing both medical and psychosocial dimensions of patient well-being. Integrating psychosocial support services is imperative to alleviate emotional distress and counteract isolation. Addressing cultural nuances is pivotal in designing tailored interventions. The findings should guide policymakers and healthcare providers in developing targeted programs to address the distinctive needs of cancer patients in Nepal.
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