Description
Background: Implementing effective tobacco cessation programs requires an understanding of the factors associated with intention in a given context. In this study, we explored the factors associated with intention to quit among current smokers attending the outpatient department (OPD) of Dhulikhel hospital, Kavrepalanchowk.
Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional concurrent mixed method utilizing quantitative approach to assess factors associated with intention to quit; and a qualitative approach to identify perceived facilitators and barriers to quitting smoking. We recruited 375 adult current smokers who visited Dhulikhel hospital from May to August 2021. For the quantitative part, we conducted telephone interviews of all the participants and assessed socio-demographic characteristics, smoking history, awareness and motivational factors on tobacco cessation, and nicotine dependence using a standard structured questionnaire. We assessed factors associated intention to quit utilizing multivariate logistic regression. Furthermore, we conducted an in-depth interview of smokers (n=12) on telephone using an open-ended interview guide. All interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and analyzed using thematic analysis method.
Results: The study found 73 % of them had intention to quit. The odds of quit intention was 10.47 times higher in those who were very much worried about damage of their health in future compared to those who were not worried at all (95% CI: 2.73, 40.01; p<0.01); and 1.06 times higher for every additional year of smoking (95% CI: 1.00, 1.11, p=0.02). The perceived barriers to quitting among the current smokers were history of previous failed quit attempts, stress, addiction/craving, substance used, lack of family support, and peer pressure.
Conclusion: This finding suggests a need to start up the offer of quit advice to tobacco users by prioritizing and integrating tobacco cessation programs into the primary as well as tertiary health care centers in Nepal.
Key Words: Intention to quit, tobacco cessation, OPD, Dhulikhel
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